---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Sun, 8 Mar 1998 23:36:11 -0600
From: Critical Criminology - ASA <critcrim@sun>
To: jthomas@venus

The answer to the extra credit question asking when corporal punishment
was abolished in prisons:  1968

Corporal punishment (including whipping) had been authorized both
by statute and by case law into the late 1960s. As late as 1963, 
whipping as a form of punishment for some crimes was upheld in
Delaware (see State v. Cannon, 55 Del. 587, 190 A.dd 514, 1963).

In 1968, however, the US Supreme Court held that corporal punishment
(eg, whipping) was unconstitutional as a punishment
(Jackson v. Bishop, 404 F.2d 571).

The courts recognize theuse of reasonable force by prison officials in
five situations:
  1) self defense
  2) defense of third persons
  3) enforcment of prison rules and regulations
  4) prevention of escape
  5) prevention of crime

(see, eg, John Palmer's _Consitutional Rightrs of Prisons_)

jt

(and you *know* you'll see this on a quiz)